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Home  >  Business • Technology  >  A guide to operating systems and what they do
Posted inBusiness Technology

A guide to operating systems and what they do

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Operating Systems (OSs) are the unsung heroes of modern computing, quietly managing the complex interactions between hardware and software so we can use our devices seamlessly. Their history dates back to the 1950s, evolving from punch-card-driven mainframes to user-friendly systems like Microsoft Windows and Apple’s macOS. By the 1990s, these two giants came to dominate the personal computing market due to their robust ecosystems, compatibility with a wide range of hardware and easy-to-use interfaces. Read on for a guide to operating systems, how they work and what they do.

Outside the Mac/Win Operating System domination

While Windows and macOS cater to personal and professional users, other OSs like Linux are more common in server environments, where flexibility, performance and security are paramount. Indeed, the majority of cloud services currently run on Linux. Mobile operating systems, such as Android and iOS, are also crucial in today’s interconnected world, bringing similar functionality to smartphones and tablets.

At its core, an OS is the backbone of any device. It manages hardware resources, runs applications and provides the user with an interface to interact with the system. Without an OS, computers, phones and even Internet of Things (IoT) devices would be lifeless machines, incapable of running software or processing data.


How an operating system works

Operating Systems are essential for making complex technology accessible and functional. They manage everything from running apps to ensuring your hardware components communicate effectively. Below are the core functions of an OS:

  • Resource management
    The OS acts as a resource manager, allocating CPU time, memory and disk space to various tasks. This ensures that applications get the resources they need to function while preventing conflicts.
  • Process management
    Operating Systems handle the scheduling and execution of processes (programs in operation). They ensure smooth multitasking by prioritising active processes and efficiently switching between them.
  • File system organisation
    An OS provides a structured way to store, retrieve and manage files on storage devices. Without this system, finding and saving data would be chaotic.
  • Hardware abstraction
    OSs create a layer of abstraction, allowing applications to interact with hardware without needing to understand its complexities. For example, they manage device drivers for printers, graphics cards and USB devices.
  • User interface (UI)
    Whether graphical (like Windows and macOS) or command-line-based (like Linux), an OS provides the interface through which users interact with their machines.
  • Security and access control
    Modern OSs are designed with security in mind, implementing user authentication, permissions and encryption to protect sensitive data and resources.
  • Networking capabilities
    Operating Systems enable devices to connect to the internet and other networks, making it possible to share data, browse the web or stream media.
  • System monitoring and diagnostics
    OSs provide tools for monitoring system performance, managing updates and diagnosing problems. For example, Task Manager in Windows or Activity Monitor in macOS lets users see which processes are consuming resources.

What operating systems do

Operating Systems play a pivotal role in running software, providing a platform where applications can operate efficiently. Here’s how they enable software to work seamlessly:

  • Application execution
    An OS provides an environment for running applications, ensuring they have the resources they need to function. For example, when you open a word processor, the OS assigns it memory, CPU time and access to your keyboard and mouse.
  • Compatibility layers
    Operating Systems ensure that software designed for their environment works correctly. For instance, Windows applications rely on the Windows API, while macOS software uses Apple’s frameworks.
  • Software updates
    OSs manage software updates, ensuring that applications stay secure and function optimally with the latest features and patches.
  • Device compatibility
    Operating Systems include drivers that allow applications to use hardware components, such as graphics cards for gaming or cameras for video calls.
  • Error handling
    An OS detects and manages errors in software, preventing crashes and data loss. It isolates problematic apps to keep the system stable.
  • Sandboxing and virtualisation
    Modern OSs can run apps in isolated environments (sandboxes) to protect the system from potential malware. Virtualisation tools let users run multiple OSs on one machine, making it easier to test software across platforms.
  • Cross-platform integration
    Operating Systems facilitate compatibility between devices. For example, iOS and macOS allow users to start a task on one device and continue on another through features like Handoff.

The role of OSs in security

Operating Systems are the backbone of modern technology, enabling everything from personal computing and mobile device use to global business operations. Beyond running your favourite apps, they serve as a vital line of defence against cyber threats and continually evolve to meet the demands of users and developers alike.

Updating your OS is more than a convenience – it’s a necessity. Developers constantly release updates to enhance performance, introduce new features and address vulnerabilities. Ignoring these updates can leave you exposed to security risks and limit the functionality of your device.

Operating Systems are the driving force of devices

Operating Systems deserve recognition for the transformative role they play in our lives, from enabling creativity and productivity to providing entertainment and connectivity. Whether it’s Windows, macOS, Linux or a mobile platform, our reliance on these systems underscores their importance in shaping the digital age.

Tags: computers Operating Systems protection security software
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Is La Plagne a good resort for experts? While La P Is La Plagne a good resort for experts? While La Plagne is most definitely better suited to beginners and, in particular, intermediates, that doesn't mean there aren't some challenges here for more advanced skiers and snowboarders. Also, when you throw in the link with Les Arcs (where the runs tend to be a good bit steeper and tougher), there's more than enough to keep expert riders entertained. And that's also without taking into account the great off-piste opportunities that exist across La Plagne Les Arcs Paradiski. 

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Is La Plagne a good resort for intermediates? Let Is La Plagne a good resort for intermediates? Let us give you a little spoiler here - the answer is a resounding yes. With over 80% of runs marked blue or red (equating to over 100 pistes), La Plagne is ideal for improving skiers and snowboarders.

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A drone tour of La Plagne Paradiski from the summi A drone tour of La Plagne Paradiski from the summits of Roche de Mio and Grande Rochette flying over Plagne Centre, Plagne Villages, Plagne Soleil, Aime 2000, Plagne Bellecôte and Belle Plagne. See the resort in a whole new way.

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iRide is a social platform for skiers and snowboarders launching soon on iOS and Android – a place to share your skiing and snowboarding videos and experiences. This site is just a place for my musings -a little window on a little bit of the world. I hope you get some value from it.

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